Uso de simulador de conducción adaptado de bajo costo en entorno de realidad virtual en personas con lesión medular tipo paraplejia. Una serie de casos

Contenido principal del artículo

LUIS ALDANA F
VIVIANO CID S
SERGIO REYES B

Keywords

lesión medular, simulador de conducción, adaptación manual para conducir vehículos, realidad virtual

Resumen

Introducción: La capacidad de conducir un vehículo motorizado impacta en la participación comunitaria de una persona con lesión medular congénita o adquirida. Al respecto, los simuladores de conducción sirven tanto de en­ frenamiento como para determinar la idoneidad para conducir un vehículo motorizado. Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de uso de un simulador de conducción adaptado en entorno de realidad virtual en personas con lesión medular tipo paraplejia de origen congénito o adquirido. Método: Se selec­cionaron 6 usuarios/as con paraplejia congénita o adquirida, entre 18 y 24 años de edad, sin antecedentes de patología visual, con resistencia máxima y sensibilidad completa en miembros superiores. Todos recibieron 8 sesiones de 40 minutos de uso del simulador. Se aplicó evaluación basal, al primero y tercer mes post intervención sobre estado funcional, impacto psicosocial de la asistencia tecnológica (PIADS) y satisfacción usuaria. Resultados: En PIADS, el puntaje para Adaptabilidad es constante con puntuación máxima midiendo en 1 y 3 meses. En el mismo periodo, el puntaje de Competencia sube de 2,6 a 2,7, mientras que Autoestima sube de 2,1 a 2,2 puntos. En la encuesta de satis­facción destaca la valoración máxima y constante en el ítem “Recomendación del simulador”. Ninguno de estos cambios fue estadísticamente significativo. Conclusión: Los cambios observados en las puntuaciones, aun no siendo sig­nificativos, son positivos y consistentes con los antecedentes teóricos respecto a la valoración de la experiencia de uso de simulador de conducción adaptado en entorno de realidad virtual.

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